Polyacrylic+Aromatic+Hydrocarbons

Chemical background Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons is a chemical that is formed by two different things. They are a conjoint word also. Polycyclic – Aromatic-Hydrocarbons is the separation. Aromatic Hydrocarbons are a structure in which 6 carbon atoms are connected through electrons. These electrons are made up with alternating single and or double covalent bonds. The word aromatic was given to this compound before the actual determination of it, which means it so happens that the chemical had a sweet smell to it.

The full term Aromatic Hydrocarbons are just the name of the compounds they from. There are a lot of compounds are Aromatic hydrocarbons. Such as Acetylsalicylic acid, which is found in aspirins, Chlorobenzene, which can be found in many pesticides and the last one I will introduce, is Nitrobenzene That can be found in clothing materials, and materials used to mask doers.

The word Polycyclic is a structure in which the units are formed like chains linking the structure so that it doesn’t break apart. This structure can be found in plastics and in Clothing, they all create and acrylic structure. The Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons are chemicals that contain the characteristics of the type of covalent bonds the Aromatic Hydrocarbons contain, then structuring together as Polyacryiclics do.

Health Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Biochemistry

“Mice that were fed high levels of one PAH during pregnancy had difficulty reproducing and so did their offspring. These offspring also had higher rates of birth defects and lower body weights. It is not known whether these effects occur in people.

Animal studies have also shown that PAHs can cause harmful effects on the skin, body fluids, and ability to fight disease after both short- and long-term exposure. But these effects have not been seen in people.”

Taken from http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/tfacts69.html Agency for toxic substances and Diseases.

Basically if exposed to the Pah’s (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) or should I say in this case if you ingest these chemical the affect of the chemical is that it affects the reproduction system. You have problems with reproducing and when the offspring is born they chances of them having a defect are higher. This was test was bestowed onto mice, therefore the speculations if the humans are certain but not proven. The experiment was both a short-term and a long-term test.

Another affect that is given to the mice is more symptoms. The animals had effects on the skin, in body fluids, and their immune system/ the ability to fight the diseases.

Some things that have been shown in humans are when exposed to this chemical over a long period of time cancer develops within them. The cancers are of the lung, skin, and stomach. Though animals are tested with the ingestion, which affect the lungs and skin, when it is taken in though breathing it causes lung cancer.

There are tests to determine if you have been exposed to this chemical. They take samples of tissue or blood and being their procedure. This test still cannot determine if something will develop from the substance but can resolve the question is I exposed too much?

These are some regulations that the government has put on the chemical. “The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set a limit of 0.2 milligrams of PAHs per cubic meter of air (0.2 mg/m3). The OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for mineral oil mist that contains PAHs is 5 mg/m3 averaged over an 8-hour exposure period.

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommends that the average workplace air levels for coal tar products not exceed 0.1 mg/m3 for a 10-hour workday, within a 40-hour workweek. There are other limits for workplace exposure for things that contain PAHs, such as coal, coal tar, and mineral oil.” Taken from http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/tfacts69.html Agency for toxic substances and Diseases.

Some equations taken http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aromatic_hydrocarbon

Nitrobenzene C6H5-NO Benzoic acid C6H5-COOH Acetylsalicylic acid-C6H4(-O-C(=O)-CH3

Synthesis/Production Section: -How is the chemical made/refined? Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of over 100 different chemicals that are formed during the incomplete burning of coal, oil and gas, garbage, or other organic substances like tobacco or charbroiled meat. PAHs are usually found as a mixture containing two or more of these compounds, such as soot. taken from http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/tfacts69.html#bookmark02

-Include at least 3 balanced chemical reactions related to the synthesis of the chemical and/or products.

-Include a detailed description of the synthesis process. Ok one of the natural ways the chemical is produced is from incomplete burning. The process begins with the volcano, forest fire, and coal est., releasing it into the air. When the Chemical is released into the air it attaches to dust partials. Some PAH can evaporate into the air from water surfaces and soil. Paths can enter the water thought discharges from the industrial and the wastewater treatment plants. Most of these do not dissolve in water. Then they will stick to solid particles and sink to the bottom of the body of water they are in. The particle can be broken down when it is in sunlight or when microorganisms over a period of months are able to break it down. Most of the time when the partial is in soil it will sink down the soil, to an underwater stream and est. Animals or plants that eat or drink these waters will have a higher amount as to the lake and soil themselves.

-Include a drawing/diagram of the chemical’s structure.

Economic/Political Impact -What/who would be affected if the chemical were banned? Well, this chemical cannot really be banded considering the fact that the incomplete burning of materials will always happen. Well actually if it were to be banded then the burning of all types of materials would have to come to a stop, which would mean any use of fire must stop. -What are the costs of alternatives? They are really no alternatives to this chemical, as in they are produced in fires all the time, the is no such thing as making mother nature choose a different compounds/chemical to produce. There is not an alternative to actual fire in most cases. -What products would we not have if it were banned? All types of items would be banned if they decide to band this chemical. We would not be able to craft steel, metals, drive our cars, burn coal for energy, and keep a fireplace lit. -What countries export and/or use this product? Every country uses this chemical; there is no way to avoid not using it. -How would a ban affect you (or the average American)? It would take away almost everything we have. The production of a lot of our materials, and products, energy, it would have large impact on the country and the world. -What are the political ramifications of banning this chemical?

Three paragraph abstract Paragraph 1: Summarize the background information. The information provided in the background is information on the structure of the chemical and the definitions of the words within the chemicals name, “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons are”. Within the background is information is how Carbons and Electrons link the chemical structure. It explains the type of bond it has and how they apply to the entire structure of the chemical.

Paragraph 2: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons are harmful to the human body. When exposed to this chemical it can lead to various deficiency of the human body such as, Lung cancer, birth deficiency, reproductive problem, it also has an effect on the skin, body fluids, and ability to fight disease after both short- and long-term exposure. This chemical is produced when the incomplete burning of materials such as coal, gas, and plants. When a forest fire occurs or a volcano has a spit up the chemical is produced. The is almost no way of removing this chemical form the environment because it is produced naturally. The only impact it has on the economy is that they make pharmaceutical drugs to treat the diseases cause by the chemical. We will not be able to get rid of it; therefore the drugs will still be produced. Let alone this would only have a little impact on what the number of people actually being treated. There is little to no political background to this drug except maybe preventing forest fires. Politicians have not actually attended to this problem, let alone if they can do anything. The only thing they can do is make sure that everything is burned completely and not gone to waste. The only political background this chemical carries is that it can be produced by almost anything, along with the energy sources we use today.

Paragraph 3: What is your position on the chemical? What action, if any, should be taken? Our environment produces the chemical naturally. The only thing we can do is making sure that the chemicals, along with the materials we create do not contribute to the problem. One thing that contributes to the problem is the use of many things. Two are Coal, and gasoline. We have attended to the gasoline problem by devising many ideas and devises such as cars that will use Hydrogen, which is converted to H2O. The coal is still used today for the productions of the machines we use to produce. We have to attend the problem in which we produce the chemical not how it is produced naturally.

The action we can take against the chemical is, attempting to find new was to produce materials, and new ways to fuel them. We can create ways to prevent exposure to the chemical, and those who work with the chemical, therefore extracting less to maybe no illnesses from the chemical. Another way is to produce or create new general energy source that do no call for the incomplete or any burning of any materials to produce it.

There is almost no benefited to the people, or animals exposed to the chemical. It would call for treatment from the pharmaceutical companies, or hospitals, though this is not bad for them, it is bad for the person. It is a double-edged sword at this point. The one positive of the chemical is that it can feed microorganism which brake down the compound. Other than that it is harm to our human health.