phthalates-gold+class+'09

 =**Phthalates ** =

 =By: Amirah Burkizzle =

=**Summary ** = Phthalates most imporatant use is as plasticisers. This chemical makes products fexible and easier to handle. Phalates are used in nailpolish, paint pigments, and adhesives. They're also used in a lot of household applications such as perfume to make the scent last, and is used in flooring material. Phthalates affect infants the most and is very dangerous. It messes with the reproductive system and it the endocrine system. It is currently banned in 14 countries including Europe. Phthalates are very harmful and not only do they harm humans but it is toxic also to the aquatic life. =Background = The most important use of Phthalates is as plasticisers for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) which they turn into a material which is soft, flexible, resilient and easier to handle. Phthalates are also frequently used in soft plastic fishing lures, nail polish, adhesives, caulk, paint pigments, and sex toys made of so-called "jelly rubber." Phthalates are used in a variety of household applications (shower curtains, adhesives, perfume), modern electronics and medical applications such as catheters. It is also used in flooring material.

=Human health implications = The possible dangers associated with this chemical is that it can change hormone levels and cause low birth defects. Epidemiological studies have associated increased phthalate exposure with decreased testosterone levels and increased sexual ambiguity in newborn males. Phthalates can disrupt normal male reproductive tract development, causing effects such as reduced anogential distance undescended testicles and testicular abnormalities affecting function. The endocrine system is affected by this chemical as well as the reproductive system.

 =<span style="display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; text-align: center; color: rgb(255, 103, 10);">Environmental implications = <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">It affects the environment overall, they’re no specific systems affected. It interacts with the environment just like every other chemical does. It is in a lot of plastic which are polluting the world and take thousands of years to degrade. When phthalates are exposed to the environment, it may harm a lot of things. It's very toxic for animals that live in water. =<span style="display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 128, 0);">Synthesis/Production Section = <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">N-butyl alcohol combined with phthalic acid creates Phthalates. They are made in factories and later then boxed and shipped off to toy stores, sex shops etc.

=<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; color: rgb(236, 201, 4); text-align: center; display: block;">Economic/Political Impact = <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; text-align: center; display: block;">If the chemical were banned, businesses would be affected and infants and males would be affected.The Barbies cost about 10-15 dollars. Sex toys range from 12 to 40 dollars. Fishing lures, nail polish, adhesives, caulk, paint pigments, and sex toys. A lot of countries use a lot of products that contain Phthalates. Banding Phthalates would be better for everyone's life because they won't be exposed to this dangerous chemical. A lot of things that are used everyday contain Phthalates.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; text-align: center; display: block;"> =<span style="display: block; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif; text-align: center; font-size: 220%;">Phthalates PSA = media type="custom" key="3510122" =<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> = <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">