Cadmium+(Silver+Class)

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Cadmium was discovered in Germany in 1817, it was classified as a by-product of the zinc refining process. It’s a natural element that is present everywhere in our environment such as in the oceans or is one of the metallic components in the earths crust. Cadmium metal is produced from the smelting and refining of zinc, lead and copper metals, it can be found in batteries, pigments, and coatings.
 * Abstract**

Exposure to any type of toxic chemical is dangerous, same with cadmium. Metal Fume Fever, Respiratory Effects and Gastrointestinal Effects are some of the most common effects cadmium can have on you from overexposure. Cadmium is located in the earth’s crust the concentration in the crust is placed between 0.1 and 0.5 ppm. The certain places that have high levels are known to accumulate in marine phosphates and phosphorites and sedimentary rocks. Cadmium is widely used in special alloys, pigments, coatings, and stabilizers and, above all, in rechargeable nickel-cadmium batteries which is almost 70% of its use. Cadmium has strict regulations on it because plants, through the food chain it would easily end up in our bodies and take effect on the human liver and kidney, can easily absorb it.

My position on this chemical is that it should be looked at like it is now. Environmentalist and plenty of the government health groups are taking care of this toxic chemical. Numbers have dropped from year before to hardly there. This chemical will have big effect on our daily lives if it was banned. Since we are no longer ignorant to the harms that Cadmium may cause we can/did fins solutions for it.

Exposure to any type of toxic chemical is dangerous, same with cadmium. The ways you can get exposed to it is through the products it is used in or through your occupation. Some occupations that contain a large amount of cadmium. One of the dangers that come from cadmium that can harm the human body, one is called Metal Fume Fever. Which is when you get exposed to cadmium fume you can get flu like systems which should resolve with in a week but that’s only if your respiratory system hasn’t been damaged.
 * Health**

That isn’t the only effect cadmium; Acute Respiratory Effects is overexposure to cadmium fume. You can get exposed to this usually from welding or cutting materials containing cadmium. Being overexposed can cause inflammation in the trachea and bronchial tubes and an accumulation of fluid in the lungs.

Gastrointestinal Effects are also a deadly effect cadmium can have on the human body. When a person is exposed to high levels of cadmium in food these side affects have occurred. Which is ingesting cadmium maybe the cause of salivation, choking attacks, constant vomiting, spasms of the anal sphincter, abdominal pains, loss of consciousness and vertigo.


 * Environment**

Cadmium is located in the earth’s crust the concentration in the crust is placed between 0.1 and 0.5 ppm. The certain places that have high levels are known to accumulate in marine phosphates and phosphorites and sedimentary rocks. It has been reported that the levels are as high as 500 ppm. Because of weathering and erosions of the parent rock of cadmium, was transported by rives in large groups. Estimated amount of 15,000 metric tones has ended up in the world’s oceans.

Cadmium is mostly known to be a byproduct of zinc and lead mining. Cadmium has a rare mineral called Greenockite. Greenockite occurs with other minerals such as shphalerite and galena. Greenockite consists of cadmium sulfide in its crystalline form. In the hexagonal system Greenockite Crystallizes, it occurs a massive encrustations and as six-sided pyramidal crystals which vary in color from a honey yellow through red and brown.

Disposing of a nickel-cadmium cells, after a preliminary reduction in size in a shredder, that waste material is will be subjected to a grinding reduction in size in a cross shear cutting shredder and is then screened to form a screen coarse fraction and a screen fine fraction. This screen coarse fraction will be separated by air into a fraction and also an heavy fraction. This heavy fraction is that separated magnetically into a magnetic and non magnetic portions. The light fraction and non magnetic portion are air dried and screened, but in order to separate the non metallic components and the predominantly metallic fine portions from eachother is by mechanical scouring and/or washing. WHich World obtain a smeltable níkel- iron mixture. The screen fine fraction as well as at least the fine portion produced by air separation is subjected to an acid bath to dissolve the metallic portions. After filtering out the undissolved components from the acid bath, at least the metallic nickel is selectively extracted.

If cadmium were banned majority of the everyday products that we used probably would be as efficient. Cadmium pigments produce intense colorings such as yellow, orange and red and are well known in artists' colors, plastics, glasses, ceramics and enamels. Things such as this wouldn’t be here if cadmium was banned.
 * Economic**

Torque-Tension was tested to see if it improved cars that would result in less damage to people and property. It had a utilization of standard thread sizes that is an important element that would qualify as a alternative to cadmium. The cost of it along with the efficient have raised more then it cost before. The cost being part of the vehicles and tax dollars both raised in their prices.

We wouldn’t have nickel-cadmium batteries, which are found in cordless and cellular phones, power tools, household appliances, hobbies and games, camcorders and computers. Nickel-cadmium batteries can be even be found aircraft, railroad, electric vehicle, telecommunications, standby power and emergency lighting.

China is the origin of the nickel-cadmium batteries. Since the batteries are used in America in possible ever type of electric device, one of the exporters would be China. This chemical is mainly known for its position in nickel-cadmium batteries. Those batters are used in the majority of high-tech equipment. Nickel Cadmium batteries provide unique benefits for specific applications. If Nickel Cadmium batteries were band the electric car, that has been developed successfully in Europe and that many other types of electric vehicles will continue to be developed in the future.


 * Summary**

The cost of this cadmium would hurt us more if it was banned or restrict from its current usage. Looking from different point of view cadmium is very beneficial to us. Some of the benefits of cadmium would be that we could use cell phones and laptops. Seeing how everyday is starting revolve around cell phones and laptops if people were more knowledgeable of what elements are used in these products they would see no problem either.

Getting exposed to cadmium for a long time would have a devastating effect on any type of person. The actions that would be necessary would to be a bit more cautious about around this type of chemical. Let along any type of chemical. The actions that are needed would be helping the environment and yourself. To help the environment make sure you remember to recycle any type of Nickel-Cadmium Batteries. When you recycle these frequently used batteries it would help companies that work wit cadmium use the chemical a little less. If that happens that means less exposure for the workers. Which would help you and others from being over exposed to cadmium too.